The Death of Dower: Dower’s Repeal in Michigan

Article published in the Michigan State University School of Law Student Scholarship Collection

Chinese herbal medicine for treating menopausal symptoms in London women: developing a good practice protocol via the factor analysis of prescribing patterns in a clinical study

The objective of the study described in this paper was to define Chinese medicine formula patterns for the treatment of menopausal women in London. These formula patterns are intended to become best practice guidelines for a future pragmatic randomised controlled trial with the ultimate goal of evaluating the possibility of integrating Chinese medicine treatment strategies for menopausal symptoms into the UK National Health Service. Data from a clinical study that had demonstrated the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine in treating 117 perimenopausal women at the Westminster University Polyclinic in London was analysed for symptom occurrence and herb use. The frequency of occurrence of different presenting symptoms and the frequency of use of individual herbs is described, and the patterns of combined herb use and the correlations between these patterns and the presenting symptoms is analysed by means of factor analysis. Treating these use patterns as Chinese herbal medicine formulas, five distinctive formula patterns emerged in the course of this study. While there is some overlap between these formulas and their associated symptom patterns and those described in Chinese medicine textbooks, some formula patterns appear to be unique to London women. This indicates that best practice guidelines for the Chinese medicine treatment of menopausal symptoms, which have been shown to vary cross-culturally, need to be derived from local clinical practice. We discuss the advantages and limitations of the methods – action based clinical study plus factor analysis – we employed to this end

Cluster-decay of hot 56^{56}Ni∗^* formed in 32^{32}S+24^{24}Mg reaction

The decay of $^{56}Ni^*$, formed in $^{32}S+^{24}Mg$ reaction at the incident energies $E_{cm}$=51.6 and 60.5 MeV, is calculated as a cluster decay process within the Preformed Cluster-decay Model (PCM) of Gupta et al. re-formulated for hot compound systems. The observed deformed shapes of the exit channel fragments are simulated by introducing the neck-length parameter at the scission configuration, which nearly coincides the $^{56}Ni$ saddle configuration. This is the only parameter of the model, which though is also defined in terms of the binding energy of the hot compound system and the ground-state binding energies of the various emitted fragments. The calculated s-wave cross sections for nuclear shapes with outgoing fragments separated within nuclear proximity limit (here $\sim$0.3 fm) can be compared with the experimental data, and the TKEs are found to be in reasonably good agreement with experiments for the angular momentum effects added in the sticking limit for the moment of inertia. Also, some light particle production (other than the statistical evaporation residue, not treated here) is predicted at these energies and, interestingly, $^4He$, which belongs to evaporation residue, is found missing as a dynamical cluster-decay fragment.Comment: 13 Pages, 12 figure

Continuous Lyman-alpha generation by four-wave mixing in mercury for laser-cooling of antihydrogen

Cooling antihydrogen atoms is important for future experiments both to test the fundamental CPT symmetry by high-resolution laser spectroscopy and also to measure the gravitational acceleration of antimatter. Laser-cooling of antihydrogen can be done on the strong 1S-2P transition at the wavelength of Lyman-alpha (121.6nm). A continuous-wave laser at the Lyman-alpha wavelength based on solid-state fundamental lasers is described. By using a two-photon and a near one photon resonance a scan across the whole phasematching curve of the four-wave mixing process is possible. Furthermore the influence of the beam profile of one fundamental beam on the four-wave mixing process is studied.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

All-electrical detection of the relative strength of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction in quantum wires

We propose a method to determine the relative strength of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction from transport measurements without the need of fitting parameters. To this end, we make use of the conductance anisotropy in narrow quantum wires with respect to the directions of an in-plane magnetic field, the quantum wire and the crystal orientation. We support our proposal by numerical calculations of the conductance of quantum wires based on the Landauer formalism which show the applicability of the method to a wide range of parameters.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Evaluation und Vergleich von zwei immunchromatographischen Kassetten - Triple Tests für die zeitgleiche Detektion von Cryptosporidium spp.; Giardia lamblia und Entamoeba histolytica / Entamoeba dispar Antigenen in humanen Stuhlproben

Der Einsatz von immunchromatographischen Schnelltests in der Med. Parasitologie, zusätzlich zur mikroskopischen Diagnostik, stellt eine einfache, schnelle und sichere Methode für die gleichzeitige Erkennung von Giardia lamblia, E. histolytica/dispar und Cryptosporidium parvum – spezifischen Antigenen in unfixierten Stuhlproben humanen Ursprungs dar. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung erfolgte eine vergleichende, methodische Validierung der Schnelltestsysteme des RIDA® Quick Cryptosporidium/Giardia/Entamoeba combi der Firma R-Biopharm und des Triage® Micro Parasite Panel der Firma BIOSITE Diagnostics im Hinblick auf den Gebrauch in den mikrobiologischen Einsatzlaboratorien der Bundeswehr. Neben Sensitivität und Spezifität wurden auch Parameter wie Handhabung, Kosten, Haltbarkeit und Praktikabilität unter besonderen Bedingungen bewertet